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Yambol

 



     Yambol has population of 94 345 inhabitants and it is at 135 meters above the sea level. It is situated in the eastern part of Gornotrakiiska Valley. It is located 37 km north of Elhovo, 106 km west of Bourgas, 28 km south – east of Sliven, 304 km east of Sofia. It is one of the oldest Bulgarian towns. Coming from the remote past, going to the future is the motto of this ancient town. The town is situated on the banks of Toundzha River. The territory of the area covers the middle part of the river valley, Bakadzhitsi, parts of Svetiliiski, Derventski and Manastirski uplands. Mineral water springs are found near the village of Stefan Karadzhovo, Straldja. The climate in the valley of Tundzha River is transcontinental, and in the southern parts of the area the climate is continental mediterranean. 

     The Ancient settlement Kabile, the prehistoric settlement mound by the village of Drama, the remains of Yambol mediaeval castle and the Monastery of the Middle Ages in Voden are some of the sites worth seeing. The Antique settlement Kabile is a National archaeological reserve and a nature preserved site, being the most important Thracian settlement in Bulgaria.
     In modern study of Ancient Thrace it has already been proved that Kabile was the most prominent political, economic and religious centre from the first millennium BC. The archaeological investigations of the ancient city that have taken place in the last thirty years have revealed a great number of artefacts (stone inscriptions, coins, ceramic ware and remains of building activities) dating from times over a millennium long history. Most of the discovered artefacts have already been published and used as a data for archaeological and historical studies.

     History
     The earliest traces of communal life were discovered in the dozens of pre–historic living mounds. The so called Racheva and Marcheva mounds are located on the territory of the present day town. Some of the finds recovered there are kept in the Archaeological Museum in Sofia, and predominantly in the History Museum in Yambol. The ancient town sprang up as a Thracian settlement called Kabile. Later it became a significant fortress. During the Roman domination the town reached its prime. On his way trough the town in 293, Emperor Diocletian gave it the name Disopolos. It existed till 378 when the Goths destroyed it.
     The first written information dates back to 6th century. Since 11th-14th centuries it was mentioned as a Bulgarian town having different names – Diosopolis, Dublino, etc. The town was among the first to put up resistance to the Ottomans. It was conquered in 1373 after a long siege. Part of the imposing fortress walls and towers of mediaeval Yambol have been preserved till this very day. During the Turkish rule many Turks settled here, and after the Russian-Turkish War in 1829 many Bulgarians from the town and the vicinity emigrated to Russia. The town is a native place of the revolutionaries Radi Kolesov, Zahari Velichkov, etc. The Russian armies liberated the town in January 1878. 

     Landmarks
     St. George Church dates back to 1737 and it was the centre of cultural and religious life. A monastery school was opened in 1805, and in 1857 a class school where Dobri Chintulov was a teacher in the period between 1857 and 1862.
     Eski Mosque from 15th century is the only preserved Muslim worship place in Yambol.

     George Papazov Art Gallery, housed in an interesting antique building it is one of the richest galleries in the country. It possesses more than 3 000 works of dozens of outstanding Bulgarian and foreign painters. The town park of Yambol is very beautiful. It is an island in Tundzha River.

     Transport
     There are bus lines to Sliven, Nova Zagora, Elhovo, Sredets, etc. The bus station is situated near the market place. The town is a point on the railway line Sofia-Plovdiv-Bourgas. The railway station is in the eastern part of the town. There is a railway bureau for reservations in the town.

     Surroundings

     The Archaeological reserve Kabile is situated north of the town. It preserves the ruins of the most significant antique Thracian town Kabile which has been investigated for more than 25 years. The remains are really impressive. A favourite place of the inhabitants of Yambol is the wood Ormana near Tundzha River, 5 km north of the town. The lowlands of Bakadzhitsite are a wonderful sight for tourism because of the deciduous woods.